High Grade Gallium Re-assay Results at Cummins Range
Released
Released
Announcement PDF
ASX Release
24 June 2025
High Grade Gallium Re-assay Results at Cummins Range
Engage with this announcement at the RareX investor hub.
Highlights
•
Assays for the first 15 drill holes have been received for the initial 58 drill hole re-assaying program - further
assaying will be reported in due course.
•
Historical drill holes contain values up to 6,826 g/t Ga2O3
•
Significant gallium intercepts from re-assaying of pulps include:
o
60m at 99 g/t Ga2O3, 3% TREO and 195 g/t Sc2O3 from 29m, including 33m at 115 g/t Ga2O3, 4.72%
TREO and 258 g/t Sc2O3
o
50m at 68 g/t Ga2O3, 2% TREO and 227 g/t Sc2O3 from 47m, including 5m at 113 g/t Ga2O3, 10.2% TREO
and 420 g/t Sc2O3
•
These results confirm the unexpected discovery of gallium at Cummins Range in April made from re-analysis
of historical data. This puts Cummins Range as potentially the highest grade and most advanced gallium
deposit in Australia whilst remaining one of Australia’s most significant undeveloped rare earth deposits.
•
Gallium is on the critical mineral list for Europe, America and Australia and, with the growth of A.I. chips,
electronics, semi-conductors and solar panels, it is anticipated the gallium market will grow significantly
from US$2.45B in 2024 to US$21.53B by 20341.
RareX Limited (ASX: REE – RareX, or the Company) is pleased to announce the first re-assay results of the highgrade gallium at the Cummins Range carbonatite pipe. The discovery of multiple wide, high-grade intercepts of
gallium in the 2007 drilling results have been confirmed with re-assaying of the 2020 infill drilling. The outstanding
results are occurring alongside high-grade rare earths, phosphate, and scandium mineralisation.
CEO and Managing Director, James Durrant, commented: “This latest round of assays confirms what our early
analysis suggested; the gallium at Cummins Range is not only real, but significant. With consistent grades now
returned from infill drilling, we can probably say Cummins Range is one of Australia’s most advanced and highestgrade gallium projects.
“What makes this particularly strategic is that the gallium sits within a broader rare earth-phosphate-scandium system,
making Cummins Range one of the most geopolitically relevant critical mineral deposits in the country. With Chinese
supply effectively off the table, and no meaningful Western production, we’re now prioritising pathways to unlock
gallium as a core value stream alongside rare earths and phosphate, including working in our strategic partnership
with Gega Elements to assess novel refining technology that could enable low-cost gallium extraction.”
Most of the world’s gallium is produced as a byproduct of aluminium and zinc refining. Gallium grades are generally
classified as follows: low-grade (30–50 g/t), moderate-grade (50–100 g/t), and high-grade (>100 g/t). Initial
assessments have identified a moderate-grade area of 500m x 500m, with significant higher grade zones occurring
within and near high grade rare earth and scandium mineralisation. Notable intercepts from the re-assaying of
pulps include:
1 https://www.factmr.com/report/gallium-
market#:~:text=Gallium%20Market%20Outlook%20(2024%20to%202034)&text=The%20market%20has%20been%20forecasted,element%20with%20atomic%20number%2031
•
CRX0002 - 60m at 99 g/t Ga2O3, 3% TREO and 195 g/t Sc2O3 from 29m, including 33m at 115 g/t Ga2O3,
4.72% TREO and 258 g/t Sc2O3
•
CRX0025 - 50m at 68 g/t Ga2O3, 2% TREO and 227 g/t Sc2O3 from 47m, including 5m at 113 g/t Ga2O3, 10.2%
TREO and 420 g/t Sc2O3
•
CRX0032 - 27m at 75 g/t Ga2O3, 1.4% TREO and 166 g/t Sc2O3 from 28m, including 3m at 108 g/t Ga2O3, 2.3%
TREO and 205 g/t Sc2O3
Notable high-grade intercepts from Cummins Range include2:
•
NRC016 - 99m at 106 g/t Ga2O3, 0.77% TREO and 160 g/t Sc2O3 from 1m to EOH
•
NRC058 - 74m at 123 g/t Ga2O3, 2.4% TREO and 186 g/t Sc2O3 from surface, including 30m at 206 g/t Ga2O3,
4.6% TREO and 310 g/t Sc2O3
•
NRC037 - 56m at 114 g/t Ga2O3, 1.5% TREO and 263 g/t Sc2O3 from 44m, including 11m at 220 g/t Ga2O3, 3%
TREO and 639 g/t Sc2O3
•
NRC038 - 60m at 124 g/t Ga2O3, 3% TREO and 372 g/t Sc2O3 from 36m, including 12m at 242 g/t Ga 2O3, 6.7%
TREO and 638 g/t Sc2O3
Gallium at Cummins Range
Cummins Range carbonatite has a resource of 524Mt at 0.31% TREO, 4.6% P2O5 and 70 g/t Sc2O3, including a
higher grade resource of 44Mt at 1% TREO3. In March, RareX identified that historical regolith RC drilling, conducted
between 2007 and 2012 by Navigator Resources and Kimberley Rare Earths were mostly assayed for gallium. A
total of 11,487 assays for gallium were completed with 36% of the assays containing >40 g/t Ga 2O3 and values up
to 6826 g/t (0.68%). Details on the 2007-2012 drilling, including numerous high-grade intercepts are described in
the 25 March 2025 ASX release “RareX Discovers High grade Gallium at Cummins Range”.
Since RareX acquired the Project in 2019, 30,000m of drilling has been completed with no gallium assays
completed. RareX have begun to re-assay the pulps from recent drilling starting with the 2020 infill drilling. In 2020,
RareX completed an infill drilling program designed to upgrade the inferred rare earths resource to an indicated
resource. A total of 58 drill holes for 6,146m of RC drilling was completed.
Results from the first 15 drill holes have been received and have confirmed high grade gallium over wide intervals.
The most elevated results are coincident with high grade rare earth and scandium content that have been upgraded
due to a combination of residual, or eluvial and chemical weathering. The exceptional gallium, rare earths, and
scandium results are continuing to elevate the critical metals significance of the Cummins Range deposit.
Figure 1 shows section 307315E with gallium grades across 250m of the Rare Carbonatite Dyke. The mineralisation
is contained in the weathered saprolite zone. The location of the section and 2020 infill drill holes are shown on
Figure 2.
2 ASX Announcement: 25 March 2025 - RareX Discovers High Grade Gallium at Cummins Range
3 ASX Announcement: 25 January 2024 - Cummins Range Mineral Resource Estimate Update: Indicated 77.4Mt at 0.46% TREO, 6.7% P O and 90g/t Sc O ; Inferred 446.9Mt at 0.28% TREO, 4.2% P O
2 5
2 3
2 5
and 70g/t Sc2O3
Figure 1. Section 307315E. Showing gallium intercepts at Cummins Range deposit. Section location is shown in Figure 2 and
intersection specifics are in Appendix 1
Figure 2. Collar location plan showing carbonatite dykes 100m below surface. Also showing Section (Figure 1) location.
The Global Gallium Market
The global gallium market is dominated by China, which controls 98% of global gallium production4
With the growth of electronics, semi-conductors and solar panels is anticipated the gallium market will grow
significantly from US$2.45 billion in 2024 to US$21.53 billion by 20345.
Beyond China, production alternatives are limited. Russia ranks as the second-largest producer globally, but at a
mere 5 metric tons in 2022—representing just 0.81% of global production—its output is negligible compared to
China's dominance6. No other countries are significant producers of primary gallium, creating a near-monopoly
situation that heightens supply risk for importing nations.
4 https://www.mining.com/web/gallium-price-rises-to-highest-since-2011-following-china-export-curbs/; https://www.statista.com/statistics/1441110/primary-production-of-gallium-worldwide-by-
country/
5 https://www.factmr.com/report/galliummarket#:~:text=Gallium%20Market%20Outlook%20(2024%20to%202034)&text=The%20market%20has%20been%20forecasted,element%20with%20atomic%20number%2031
6 https://www.mining.com/web/gallium-price-rises-to-highest-since-2011-following-china-export-curbs/; https://www.statista.com/statistics/1441110/primary-production-of-gallium-worldwide-bycountry/
Expanding Demand Across Multiple Sectors
The demand for gallium has expanded dramatically across numerous high-tech sectors, contributing significantly
to the upward pressure on prices. The global gallium market is projected to grow from $2.32 billion in 2024 to $2.91
billion in 2025, representing a compound annual growth rate CAGR of 25.4%7. More aggressive forecasts suggest
the market could reach $17.0 billion by 2032, expanding at a CAGR of 24.5%8. Upward price pressure is likely to
persist as demand continues to expand across the semiconductor, telecommunications, defense, and renewable
energy sectors.
Price Increases and Market Dynamics
Gallium prices have experienced remarkable volatility and overall upward trajectory in recent years, influenced by
a complex interplay of supply constraints and growing demand. In December 2024, gallium prices surged to $575
per kilogram (delivered to Rotterdam), representing a 17% increase over previous levels and reaching the highest
point since 2011.9
The most significant factor driving recent price increases has been China's strategic export restrictions. Beijing
implemented initial controls on gallium exports in August 2023, which immediately disrupted global supply chains
and pushed prices higher. By December 2024, China had escalated these measures, announcing a comprehensive
ban on gallium exports to the United States, further intensifying market pressures. Since China accounts for
approximately 98% of global gallium production, these export restrictions have had outsized impacts on global
availability and pricing.
China's production advantage stems from its integration of gallium recovery with its massive aluminum industry,
as gallium is typically extracted from the alumina processing stream10.
Gallium Applications
Semiconductor Applications and Integrated Circuits11
The semiconductor industry represents the largest demand driver for gallium, with approximately 74% of gallium
imported into the United States during 2023 being used in integrated circuits. Gallium arsenide GaAs and gallium
nitride GaN compounds have become critical semiconductor materials across multiple industries, including hightech, automotive, aerospace, healthcare, and telecommunications sectors.
Gallium nitride semiconductors are particularly valuable due to their superior power density and heat resistance
properties. Traditionally used primarily in military applications, GaN is now finding increased adoption in
commercial applications including 5G networks, wireless infrastructure, power electronics, satellites, electric
vehicles, and consumer electronics. As one manufacturer noted, “GaN offers higher power density, more reliable
operation and improved efficiency over traditional silicon-only based solutions".
Optoelectronic Devices12
Approximately 25% of gallium consumption goes toward optoelectronic devices such as laser diodes, light-emitting
diodes LEDs , photodetectors, and solar cells. The rapid growth in popularity of electronic devices including mobile
phones, laptops, televisions, and lighting applications continues to drive demand in this segment. These
applications are particularly important for fiber optic communications and high-speed data transmission
technologies, which represent growth areas for the future.
7 https://blog.tbrc.info/2025/02/gallium-market-drivers-2/
8 https://www.persistencemarketresearch.com/market-research/gallium-market.asp
9 https://www.mining.com/web/gallium-price-rises-to-highest-since-2011-following-china-export-curbs/; https://www.mining.com/web/gallium-price-has-more-than-doubled-since-china-export-curbs/
10 https://www.fitechem.com/news/gallium-price-floor-set-to-rise-in-2021/
11 https://www.metaltechnews.com/story/2024/09/16/critical-minerals-alliances-2024/us-looks-for-domes tic-gallium-sources/1917.html
12 https://www.grandviewresearch.com/industry-analysis/gallium-market-report
Renewable Energy Applications13
The renewable energy sector represents an emerging but potentially massive source of gallium demand. Thin-film
solar panels rely heavily on gallium for their high efficiency, and as renewable energy adoption accelerates globally,
gallium requirements are expected to grow substantially. Europe alone is projected to consume up to 26 times
more gallium by 2030 compared to current levels, according to the Fraunhofer Institute.
The scale of potential demand is staggering—Austria's planned renewable energy projects, despite serving a
population of only 9 million, would require approximately 4.5 times the current global gallium production. This
statistic underscores the looming supply-demand imbalance as gallium becomes increasingly integral to both
energy independence and environmental commitments worldwide.
This announcement has been authorised for release by the Board of Rarex.
13 https://strategicmetalsinvest.com/gallium-prices/
Competent Person’s Statement
The information in this report that related to exploration results has been compiled and reviewed by Mr Guy
Moulang. Mr Guy Moulang is a full-time employee of RareX Limited and is a Member of the Australian Institute of
Geoscientists and has sufficient experience relevant to the style of mineralisation and type of deposit under
consideration and to the activity which he is undertaking to qualify as Competent Person as defined in the 2012
Edition of the Australasian Code for the Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves
(JORC Code). Mr Guy Moulang consents to the disclosure of the information in this report in the form and context
in which it appears.
Reference List
• https://www.factmr.com/report/galliummarket#:~:text=Gallium%20Market%20Outlook%20(2024%20to%202034)&text=The%20market%20has%20b
een%20forecasted,element%20with%20atomic%20number%2031
• https://www.mining.com/web/gallium-price-rises-to-highest-since-2011-following-china-export-curbs/
• https://strategicmetalsinvest.com/gallium-prices/
• https://www.statista.com/statistics/1445285/gallium-share-of-production-worldwide-by-country/
• https://www.fitechem.com/news/gallium-price-floor-set-to-rise-in-2021/
• https://blog.tbrc.info/2025/02/gallium-market-drivers-2/
• https://www.persistencemarketresearch.com/market-research/gallium-market.asp
• https://www.metaltechnews.com/story/2024/09/16/critical-minerals-alliances-2024/us-looks-for-domes ticgallium-sources/1917.html
• https://www.grandviewresearch.com/industry-analysis/gallium-market-report
• https://www.statista.com/statistics/1441110/primary-production-of-gallium-worldwide-by-country/
• https://www.mining.com/web/gallium-price-has-more-than-doubled-since-china-export-curbs/
• https://www.csiro.au/en/news/all/articles/2024/june/critical-mineral-galliumgermanium#:~:text=Global%20demand%20for%20gallium%20is,is%20from%202015%20to%202030
• https://www.mordorintelligence.com/industry-reports/scandium-market
RareX is a critical minerals company specialising in rare earths and gallium, niobium as well as scandium in hard
rock carbonatites.
The exploration focus of the business is on the Mt Mansbridge xenotime heavy rare earths project near Browns
Range, the Khaleesi Project in the East Yilgarn which is a district-scale, elevated gallium & niobium, alkaline
intrusive complex, and the Cummins Range near-mine anomalies.
The Company’s engineering and commercial focus is on the mid-study-level, Cummins Range Project (+$330M
NPV8 post-tax*) - a carbonatite hosted rare earths and phosphate project, containing magnet grade rare earths
and battery grade phosphates, and substantial gallium and scandium. It is technically Australia’s largest
undeveloped rare earths project.
RareX have been curating a portfolio of carbonatite related projects including the newly acquired bulls-eye Piper
Project along trend from both Nolans Bore and the Luni niobium deposit. RareX will continue to develop and
optimise its portfolio.
RareX maintains material investments in Kincora Copper (ASX:KCC), Cosmos Exploration (ASX:C1X) and Canada
Rare Earth Corporation (LL.V).
For further information on the Company and its projects visit www.rarex.com.au
* The forecast financial information was released on 22 August 2023. The Company confirms that the material assumptions underpinning the
production target and forecast financial information continue to apply and have not materially changed
Appendix 1: Significant Intercepts and Drill Collar Details
Significant Intercepts
Hole
From
CRX0001
30
CRX0001
41
CRX0001
67
CRX0002
11
Incl.
29
Incl.
29
CRX0003
10
CRX0003
36
CRX0004
12
CRX0005
12
CRX0005
18
CRX0005
60
CRX0006
0
Incl.
11
CRX0022 NSI
CRX0023
32
Incl.
35
CRX0023
76
CRX0024
41
CRX0025
47
Incl.
53
CRX0025
101
CRX0026
21
Incl.
31
CRX0029
7
Incl.
17
CRX0029
48
CRX0030
6
CRX0030
27
CRX0030
42
CRX0030
56
CRX0031
6
Incl.
7
37
47
69
89
89
62
14
54
51
34
21
72
17
13
Interval
7
6
2
78
60
33
4
18
39
22
3
12
17
2
Ga2O3
g/t
57
42
60
87
99
115
68
46
53
73
218
41
48
89
TREO %
0.33
0.25
0.4
2.38
2.98
4.72
0.49
0.34
0.41
1.42
5.48
0.16
0.61
3.91
50
38
89
51
97
58
115
105
61
39
30
76
20
38
47
69
46
10
18
3
13
10
50
5
14
84
30
32
13
28
14
11
5
13
40
3
75
91
52
68
68
113
50
57
71
59
73
57
52
51
72
62
69
108
0.61
0.69
0.3
1.04
2.05
10.16
0.89
0.94
0.55
0.78
0.83
0.88
0.65
0.51
0.54
0.71
1.17
3.87
To
Sc2O3
g/t
Nb2O5 %
104
0.1
69
0.08
85
0.1
171
0.15
195
0.17
258
0.24
171
0.18
87
0.09
56
0.06
142
0.24
301
0.28
28
0.05
74
0.07
38
0.07
218
316
71
300
227
420
178
148
145
100
115
108
104
71
132
118
212
565
0.2
0.37
0.07
0.28
0.15
0.37
0.11
0.1
0.06
0.03
0.04
0.04
0.06
0.04
0.04
0.05
0.25
1.18
P2O5 %
3
3
8
12
13
14
3
12
8
8
20
6
4
4
Peak Ga2O3
Value
59
43
64
322
322
322
80
73
134
360
360
42
118
118
14
13
5
12
10
7
12
14
10
21
23
19
13
15
14
17
13
10
104
104
68
90
113
113
66
93
93
85
85
78
63
83
85
102
125
125
CRX0031
CRX0032
CRX0032
Incl.
CRX0032
Incl.
54
1
28
39
63
68
65
15
55
42
73
72
11
14
27
3
10
4
43
57
75
108
85
125
0.21
0.65
1.39
2.25
3.56
6.5
72
314
166
205
295
415
0.09
0.21
0.11
0.19
0.22
0.27
Easting
307265.31
307266.27
307266.55
307266.36
307266.75
307266.68
307316.91
307317.47
307316.64
307315.86
307315.94
307458.61
307456.82
307315.44
307314.87
mRL
391.54
391.5
391.76
391.86
391.9
392.13
391.26
391.41
391.53
391.71
391.68
392
391.83
391.64
391.68
Depth
114
90
97
102
97
84
96
114
132
132
132
114
114
102
96
Azimuth
180
180
180
180
180
180
180
180
180
180
180
180
180
180
180
7
11
18
17
15
18
Drill Collar Details
Hole ID
CRX0001
CRX0002
CRX0003
CRX0004
CRX0005
CRX0006
CRX0022
CRX0023
CRX0024
CRX0025
CRX0026
CRX0029
CRX0030
CRX0031
CRX0032
Grid
MGA2020_52
MGA2020_52
MGA2020_52
MGA2020_52
MGA2020_52
MGA2020_52
MGA2020_52
MGA2020_52
MGA2020_52
MGA2020_52
MGA2020_52
MGA2020_52
MGA2020_52
MGA2020_52
MGA2020_52
Northing
7866582.12
7866621.14
7866660.51
7866700.79
7866741
7866778.94
7866486.8
7866533.33
7866583.57
7866627.67
7866659.38
7866860.33
7866820.81
7866700.62
7866739.02
Dip
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
53
68
104
104
154
154
Appendix 2: JORC Tables
Section 1: Sampling Techniques and Data
Criteria
JORC Code explanation
Commentary
Sampling
techniques
•
•
Navigator Resources (2007), 148 AC holes (4,510 m), 93
reverse circulation holes (RC) (9,293 m). Holes drilled 60°
towards south, 40 m spacing.
•
Kimberley Rare Earths (2012), 77 RC holes (4,229 m).
•
Navigator (NAV) Drilling NRC001-NRC0093 (drilled in
2007); 4 m composite spear samples were taken and
assayed. Assay intervals that returned results <1000 ppm
Ce were then resampled. The 10% cone splits from the drill
rig were then used for the 1m re-assays.
•
Kimberly Rare Earths (KRE) Drilling KRC094-KRC0170
(2012) – All drill meters were assayed on 1 m intervals using
a 10% cone split from the drill rig.
•
RareX Limited (2020), 58 RC holes (6,146 m). 1m samples
through mineralised zones and up to 4m composites in
unmineralized areas
Nature and quality of sampling (e.g. cut
channels, random chips, or specific
specialised industry standard
measurement tools appropriate to the
minerals under investigation, such as down
hole gamma sondes, or handheld XRF
instruments, etc.). These examples should
not be taken as limiting the broad meaning
of sampling.
•
Include reference to measures taken to
ensure sample representivity and the
appropriate calibration of any
measurement tools or systems used.
•
Aspects of the determination of
mineralisation that are Material to the
Public Report.
•
In cases where ‘industry standard’ work
has been done this would be relatively
simple (e.g. ‘reverse circulation drilling was
used to obtain 1 m samples from which 3
kg was pulverised to produce a 30 g charge
for fire assay’). In other cases, more
explanation may be required, such as
where there is coarse gold that has
inherent sampling problems. Unusual
commodities or mineralisation types (e.g.
submarine nodules) may warrant
disclosure of detailed information.
•
All RareX, Kimberley Rare Earth and rare earth mineralised
samples from Navigator were taken using the cone splitter
on the drill rig or a riffle splitter.
•
It is not documented how Navigator and Kimberly identified
mineralisation. Kimberly Rare Earths blanket assayed 1m
intervals and analysed for Gallium. Navigator blanket
assayed with 4m composites and did not include gallium.
Samples with >1000ppm Ce were re-assayed at 1m
intervals and did analyse for gallium.
Drilling
techniques
•
Drill type (e.g. core, reverse circulation,
open-hole hammer, rotary air blast, auger,
Bangka, sonic, etc.) and details (e.g. core
diameter, triple or standard tube, depth of
diamond tails, face-sampling bit or other
type, whether core is oriented and if so, by
what method, etc.).
•
The drilling technique used was reverse circulation (RC)
drilling
Drill sample
recovery
•
Method of recording and assessing core
and chip sample recoveries and results
assessed.
•
•
Measures taken to maximise sample
recovery and ensure representative nature
of the samples.
•
Whether a relationship exists between
sample recovery and grade and whether
sample bias may have occurred due to
preferential loss/gain of fine/coarse
material.
The 2007-2012 samples (Navigator Resources and
Kimberley Rare Earths Ltd) were collected as both 4m
composites for initial assaying and 1m samples for follow
up assaying of anomalous zones. Most holes had good
sample recovery although a limited number of holes
encountered high ground water inflow and karst type
weathering in void formations at depth exceeding 40m.
Difficult drilling conditions including binding clays, voids
and water flow in several holes.
•
The 2020 infill drill program (RareX) involved drilling
between historic drillholes to test continuity of grade. The
program used a larger and more capable rig which resulted
Criteria
JORC Code explanation
Commentary
in good recoveries in most of the drilling with an averaged
of greater than 90% sample recovery.
Logging
Sub-sampling
techniques
and sample
preparation
•
Whether core and chip samples have been
geologically and geotechnically logged to a
level of detail to support appropriate
Mineral Resource estimation, mining
studies and metallurgical studies.
•
Whether logging is qualitative or
quantitative in nature. Core (or costean,
channel, etc.) photography.
•
The total length and percentage of the
relevant intersections logged.
•
If core, whether cut or sawn and whether
quarter, half or all core taken.
•
If non-core, whether riffled, tube sampled,
rotary split, etc. and whether sampled wet
or dry.
•
For all sample types, the nature, quality and
appropriateness of the sample preparation
technique.
•
No measures were described in the historical reports
regarding maximising sample recovery.
•
RareX ensured the cyclone was cleaned after every 3 m drill
run and where sticky clays were intersected, the driller
would lift the hammer off the bottom and clean the cyclone
after each metre. Wet samples were left open for water to
evaporate.
•
There doesn’t appear to be a relationship between sample
recovery/grade and sample bias. Although you can’t
calculate this from the data captured by KRE and NAV
•
All but three drill holes (NRC090-NRC093 for a total of 300
m) have had a geological log completed.
•
All of the above logs are quantitative with the exception of
geological logs in the regolith which can be qualitative.
•
The detail of logging is considered by the Competent
Person to be appropriate for Mineral Resource estimation.
•
Navigator Drilling NRC001-NRC0093 – 4m composite spear
samples were taken using a PVC spear. Assay intervals that
returned results <1000 ppm Ce were then resampled. The
10% cone splits from the drill rig were then used for the 1 m
re-assays. This sampling procedure and size is considered
appropriate for the grain size of the material being
sampled.
•
Kimberly Rare Earths (KRE) Drilling KRC094-KRC0170 - Drill
core were assayed on 1 m intervals using a 10% cone split
from the drill rig. This sampling procedure and size is
considered appropriate for the grain size of the material
being sampled.
Quality control procedures have not been documented by
NAV or KRE, other than what is described above.
•
Quality control procedures adopted for all
sub-sampling stages to maximise
representivity of samples.
•
Measures taken to ensure that the
sampling is representative of the in situ
material collected, including for instance
results for field duplicate/second-half
sampling.
•
•
Whether sample sizes are appropriate to
the grain size of the material being
sampled.
•
RareX:
CRX0001-CRX0058 – entire Bulk samples were split down
into 1-4 m composites using a 50/50 or 75/25 riffle splitter.
All samples were dry before splitting.
•
This technique is industry standard practice.
•
Field duplicates were taken at an average of 1 in 30 for the
RC drilling.
•
2020 Lab duplicates were also re-assayed.
Criteria
JORC Code explanation
Commentary
•
Sample sizes are regarded as being appropriate for this
style of mineralization.
Quality of
assay data
and laboratory
tests
Verification of
sampling and
assaying
Location of
data points
•
The nature, quality and appropriateness of
the assaying and laboratory procedures
used and whether the technique is
considered partial or total.
•
For geophysical tools, spectrometers,
handheld XRF instruments, etc., the
parameters used in determining the
analysis including instrument make and
model, reading times, calibrations factors
applied and their derivation, etc.
•
Nature of quality control procedures
adopted (e.g. standards, blanks, duplicates,
external laboratory checks) and whether
acceptable levels of accuracy (i.e. lack of
bias) and precision have been established.
•
Navigator – 4 m composites were taken at the drill rig and
sent to Intertek where a 4-acid digest, with ICP-OES and
ICP-MS finish (detection limit for gallium was 0.1ppm).
Where 4 m composites returned cerium assays >1000 ppm,
1 m re-assays were conducted on each of the metres in the
composites. The 1 m reassays were a peroxided fusion
digest with ICP-OES and ICP-MS finish. This technique is
considered as a total analysis for elements in consideration
for this resource. 40 elements were assayed for and
detection limit for gallium was 10ppm. Laboratory QA/QC
was completed with regular standards, blanks and repeats.
•
Kimberly Rare Earths used Intertek for the 1m assays using
peroxided fusion digest with ICP-OES and ICP-MS finish.
This technique is considered as a total analysis for
elements in consideration for this resource. 30 elements
were assayed for. Laboratory QA/QC was completed with
regular standards, blanks and repeats.
•
The results in this release were assayed using a 4 Acid
Digest with a ICP-MS finish. Regular assaying of standards,
duplicates and repeats were completed by the laboratory.
An alternate assaying method of peroxide fusion with ICP
finish was also completed on 26 check samples.
•
The quality of control procedures adopted by the
laboratories are in line with industry standards and
acceptable levels of accuracy and precision have been
established throughout the generations of assaying.
•
The verification of significant intersections
by either independent or alternative
company personnel.
•
Reported results have not been verified by either an
independent or alternative company personnel.
•
•
Twinned holes have been drilled
The use of twinned holes.
•
•
Documentation of primary data, data entry
procedures, data verification, data storage
(physical and electronic) protocols.
•
Discuss any adjustment to assay data.
Data in the announcement has been captured from
historical database from NAV and KRE. Geological data is
of high quality, and it is assumed these companies
followed industry standard procedures and protocols
when collecting and storing data.
•
The assay results have been converted into oxides using
the below stochiometric conversion factors: Ga2O3 1.3442,
La2O3 1.1728, CeO2 1.2284, Pr6O11 1.2082, Nd2O3 1.1664,
Sm2O3 1.1596, Eu2O3 1.1579, Gd2O3 1.1526, Dy2O3 1.1477,
Ho2O3 1.1455, Er2O3 1.1435, Tm2O3 1.1421, Yb2O3 1.1387,
Lu2O3 1.1371, Sc2O3 1.5338, Y2O3 1.2699, Nb2O5 1.4305,
P2O5 2.2916
•
Drill hole collars have been surveyed with a DGPS and have
and accuracy of 100 mm.
•
Collar coordinates are in MGA Zone 52H 2020 and have
been converted from MGA94 and AMG84 grids.
•
Accuracy and quality of surveys used to
locate drillholes (collar and downhole
surveys), trenches, mine workings and
other locations used in Mineral Resource
Criteria
JORC Code explanation
estimation.
Data spacing
and
distribution
•
Specification of the grid system used.
•
Quality and adequacy of topographic
control.
•
Data spacing for reporting of Exploration
Results.
•
Whether the data spacing and distribution
is sufficient to establish the degree of
geological and grade continuity
appropriate for the Mineral Resource and
Ore Reserve estimation procedure(s) and
classifications applied.
•
Whether sample compositing has been
applied.
Orientation of
data in
relation to
geological
structure
•
Whether the orientation of sampli
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